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Cytotoxicity comparison of titanium by agar overlay method for various cell line applications

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³ëÅÂÈñ ( Nho Tae-Hee ) - Á¶¼±´ëÇб³ Ä¡°ú´ëÇÐ ±¸°­Á¶Á÷¹ß»ýÇб³½Ç
À̸íÈ­ ( Lee Myoung-Hwa ) - Á¶¼±´ëÇб³ Ä¡°ú´ëÇÐ ±¸°­Á¶Á÷¹ß»ýÇб³½Ç
À̽¿¬ ( Lee Seung-Yeon ) - Á¶¼±´ëÇб³ Ä¡°ú´ëÇÐ ±¸°­Á¶Á÷¹ß»ýÇб³½Ç
Á¤¹®Áø ( Jeong Moon-Jin ) - Á¶¼±´ëÇб³ Ä¡°ú´ëÇÐ ±¸°­Á¶Á÷¹ß»ýÇб³½Ç

Abstract

Ä¡°úÄ¡·á ½Ã ´Ù¾çÇÑ Çձݰú ·¹Áø µîÀÇ Àç·áµéÀÌ ¼öº¹À磬º¸Ã¶À磬ÀÓÇöõÆ® ½Ä ¸³ ¹× ±³Á¤Ä¡·á¿ëÀ¸·Î »ç¿ëµÇ°í ÀÖ´Ù. ÀÌ·¯ÇÑ Àç·áµé Áß Æ¼Å¸´½Àº Ź¿ùÇÑ ¹°¸®Àû Ư¼º°ú »ýüÀûÇÕ¼ºÀ¸·Î ÀÎÇØ °ñÀ¯Âø·üÀÌ ³ô¾Æ ÀÓÇöõÆ® ¸Å½Äü¿Í ±³Á¤¿ë ¹Ì´Ï½ºÅ©·ù·Î »ç¿ëµÇ°í ÀÖ´Ù. Ä¡°úÀç·á´Â ISO¿¡¼­ Á¦½ÃÇÑ ÇÑõÁßÃþ½ÃÇè¹ýÀ¸·Î Æò°¡ÇÒ ¼ö ÀÖÀ¸¸ç£¬ÀÌ´Â »ý¹°ÇÐÀû ÀûÇÕ¼º Æò°¡¿¡ °¡Àå ¸¹ÀÌ »ç¿ëµÇ´Â ¹æ¹ý Áß ÇϳªÀÌ´Ù. ÀÓÇöõÆ® ¸Å½Äü´Â ISO Á¶Ç׿¡ ¸í½ÃµÈ ¼¶À¯¸ð¼¼Æ÷¿Í »óÇǼ¼Æ÷»Ó¸¸ ¾Æ´Ï¶ó »À¸ð¼¼Æ÷¿Í ½Ã¸àÆ®Áú¸ð¼¼Æ÷ µî ´Ù¾çÇÑ Á¾·ùÀÇ ¼¼Æ÷µé°ú Á¢ÃËÇÒ ¼ö ÀÖ¾î ÀÌ·¯ÇÑ ÁÖº¯¼¼Æ÷µé¿¡ ´ëÇÑ µ¶¼ºÆò°¡ÀÇ Çʿ伺ÀÌ ¿ä±¸µÈ´Ù. µû¶ó¼­£¬º» ¿¬±¸¿¡¼­´Â ISO¿¡¼­ Á¦½ÃÇÑ ¼¶À¯¸ð¼¼Æ÷(L-929)¸¦ Æ÷ÇÔÇÏ¿© »À¸ð¼¼Æ÷(MC3T3-E1), Ä¡ÀºÀ¯·¡ ¼¶À¯¸ð¼¼Æ÷(HGF-1), ½Ã¸àÆ®Áú¸ð¼¼Æ÷(0CCM-30)¸¦ ÀÌ¿ëÇÏ¿© ƼŸ´½¿¡ ´ëÇÑ ¼¼Æ÷µ¶¼ºÀ» È®ÀÎÇÏ°í ºñ±³ Æò°¡ÇÔÀ¸·Î½á ±¸°­ ³» »ýüÀûÇÕ Àç·á¿¡ Àû¿ëÇÒ ¼ö ÀÖ´Â °¢ ¼¼Æ÷ÁÖ¿¡ ´ëÇÑ ±âÁØÀ» Á¦½ÃÇÏ°íÀÚ ÇÏ¿´´Ù. ƼŸ´½Àº ¿¬¸¶µÈ ¼øƼŸ´½ µð½ºÅ©¸¦ »ç¿ëÇÏ¿´À¸¸ç£¬À½¼º ¹× ¾ç¼º ´ëÁ¶±ºÀº ISO¿¡¼­ Á¦½ÃÇÑ Æú¸®¿¡Æ¿·»°ú Æú¸®¿ì·¹Åº Çʸ§À» °¢°¢ µð½ºÅ©·Î Á¦ÀÛÇÏ¿© »ç¿ëÇÏ¿´´Ù. ÇÑõ À§¿¡ °¢ µð½ºÅ©¸¦ Æò±Õ °£°Ý 20imn·Î À§Ä¡½ÃŲ ÈÄ ¼¼Æ÷µ¶¼ºÀ» °üÂûÇÏ¿´´Ù. À½¼º ´ëÁ¶±ºÀº ¸ðµç ¼¼Æ÷¿¡¼­ Å»»öÁö¼ö(Decolorization Index£» DI)¿Í ¿ëÇØÁö¼ö(Lysis Index£» LI)°¡ 0À̾ú´Ù. ±×·¯³ª, ¾ç¼º ´ëÁ¶±ºÀÇ ÀÌ´Â L-929, HGF-1 ¼¼Æ÷¿¡¼­ 2, MC3T3-E1, OCCM-30¼¼Æ÷¿¡¼­ 3À̾úÀ¸¸ç£¬LI´Â ¸ðµç ¼¼Æ÷¿¡¼­ 5¿´´Ù. ƼŸ´½ µð½ºÅ©¿¡¼­ÀÇ ÀÌ¿Í LI´Â L-929, HGF-1, MC3T3-E1 ±×¸®°í OCCM-30¼¼Æ÷¿¡¼­ ¸ðµÎ 0À̾ú´Ù. º» ½ÇÇè °á°ú£¬À½¼º ´ëÁ¶±ºÀÇ ¸ðµç ¼¼Æ÷¿¡¼­´Â ¼¼Æ÷µ¶¼ºÀ» ³ªÅ¸³»Áö ¾Ê´Â ¹Ý¸é ¾ç¼º ´ëÁ¶±º¿¡¼­´Â ¼¼Æ÷µ¶¼ºÀÌ ¶Ñ·ÇÇÏ°Ô ³ªÅ¸³µ´Ù. ƼŸ´½ µð½ºÅ©±ºÀÇ L-929, HGF-1, MC3T3-E1 ±×¸®°í OCCM-30¼¼Æ÷´Â ¸ðµÎ ¼¼Æ÷µ¶¼ºÀÌ ¾ø¾ú´Ù. µû¶ó¼­ ISO¿¡¼­ Á¦½ÃÇÑ L-929¼¼Æ÷¸¦ ºñ·ÔÇÏ¿© º» ½ÇÇè¿¡¼­ »ç¿ëÇÑ HGF-1, MC3T3-E1 ±×¸®°í OCCM-30¼¼Æ÷ ¸ðµÎ Ä¡°úÀç·á¿¡ ´ëÇÑ ¼¼Æ÷µ¶¼º½ÃÇè¿¡¼­ Ç¥ÁØ ¼¼Æ÷ÁÖ·Î »ç¿ëÇÒ ¼ö ÀÖÀ» °ÍÀ¸·Î »ý°¢µÈ´Ù.

Dental materials can be evaluated by the agar overlay test suggested by the ISO, which is one of the most commonly used methods for evaluating cell cytotoxicity. A titanium fixture may get in contact with not only fibroblasts and epithelial cells but also other cell types, such as osteoblasts and cementoblasts; thus, the poten?tial of contact with these cells should be considered when performing cell cytotoxicity assay. Therefore, the purpose of this study was to evaluate and confirm the cytotoxicity and biocompatibility of titanium using a preosteoblast (MC3T3-E1), gingival fibroblast (HGF-1), cementoblast (OCCM-30), and fibroblast (L-929) as per the ISO recommendations. Polished pure titanium discs were used for the experimental group, and polyeth?ylene and polyurethane discs recommended by the ISO were used for the negative and positive control groups. The decolorization index (DI) and lysis index (LI) of negative controls were 0 in all cells. In positive controls, DI was 2 in L-929 and HGF-1 cells, 3 in MC3T3-E1 and OCCM-30 cells, and LI was 5 in all cells. DI and LI of all titanium groups were 0 in L-929, HGF-1, MC3T3-E1, and OCCM-30 cells. Consequently, the negative
control group showed no cytotoxicity in any cell line, whereas the positive control group showed severe cyto?toxicity. The titanium group showed no cytotoxicity in any cell line. In conclusion, the index value on the HGF-1, MC3T3-E1, and OCCM-30 cells was identical or similar degree compared to the L929 cell proposed by ISO. Therefore it is suggested that the cell lines used in this experiment could be used in the cytotoxicity test for all dental materials.

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Titanium; Cytotoxicity; Agar overlay method; Cell lines

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